Indefinite
Pronouns (-mo, -либо,
-нибудь or кое-)
Most indefinite pronouns are
formed by adding the particle -mo, -либо,
-нибудь
or кое- to the interrogative pronouns кто?, что?,
какой?, чей?,
сколько?:
кто-то somebody
что-то something
чей-то somebody's
какой-то some.
кто-либо
somebody.
что-либо
something.
чей-либо
somebody's
какой-либо
some.
кто-нибудь
somebody
что-нибудь
something
чей-нибудь
somebody's
какой-нибудь
some
сколько-нибудь
some (quantity).
кое-кто somebody
кое-что something
кое-чёй somebody's
кое-какой
some.
Indefinite pronouns with the
particles -то, -либо,
-нибудь, кое- are declined as pronouns without these particles (кого-нибудь,
кому-нибудь,
с кем-нибудь). The particles are always joined to the pronoun by a
hyphen. The particles -то,
-либо, -нибудъ follow and the particle кое- precedes the
pronoun.
If a pronoun with the particle
кое-
is used with a preposition, the latter follows the particle and no hyphen is
spelt.
Он
рассказал нам
кое о чём.
Не
told us something.
Он
побеседовал
кое с кем.
Не talked to some people
If pronouns with the particles
-то, -либо,
-нибудь are
used with prepositions, the latter precede the pronouns (от кого-нибудь, с кем-либо, у кого-то).
The meaning of pronouns with the particle -либо (кто-либо,
что-либо,
чей-либо, какой-либо) is the same as that of pronouns with the particle -нибудь
(кто-нибудь,
что-нибудь,
чей-нибудь,
какой-нибудь).
Pronouns with the particle
-либо are generally used in the literary language:
Это вряд ли прибавит
что-либо существенное к тому, что уже сказано.
This is
unlikely to add anything of importance to what has already been said.
Pronouns with the particle -нибудъ are used both in colloquial speech and in the literary
language.
Я, может,
что-нибудь
не так
сказала?
(М.
Г.)
Maybe
I've said something wrong?
Use of the Indefinite
Pronouns with the Particles -mo and -нибудь
Pronouns with the particle
-mo are used when the sentence tells of an
indefinite person or object unknown
only to the speaker, but probably known to others:
Кто-то
тихо
постучал в
дверь.
Somebody
knocked at the door softly.
This
means that the person who knocked at the door is definite, but the speaker has
no idea who it is.
Что-то с
шумом упало
на пол.
Something
fell on the floor noisily.
This means that though the object
which fell on the floor is definite, the speaker has no idea what it is.
Pronouns with
the particle
-нибудь (or -либо) are used when the sentence tells of an indefinite
person or object unknown both to the
speaker and to everyone else.
Позови
кого-нибудь.
Call somebody
(i.e.no matter whom)
Дайте мне
что-нибудь почитать.
Give me
something to read (i.e. no matter what).
Если
кто-нибудь
придёт, позовите
меня.
Should
anyone come, call me (i.e. no matter who
comes).
Use of the Indefinite Pronouns
with the Particle коe-
Pronouns with the particle
кое-
(кой-) are used when the
sentence tells of something known to the
speaker, but unknown to the person spoken to:
Я хочу
рассказать
тебе
кое о
чём.
I want
to tell you something.
Note:
The speaker knows what he is going to say, but the person spoken to has no idea
of it.
Pronouns with the particle
кое-
may be used with the meaning of some.
Он встретил
кое-кого из своих товарищей (i.e.
некоторых товарищей).
Не met some of his
friends.
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