The Pronouns некого and нечего

 

The pronouns некого nobody and нечего nothing have no nomi­native.

 

They are formed from interrogative pronouns by means of the negative particle не and are declined as the interrogative pronouns кто? and что? They are stressed on the particle не in all the cases.

 

Prepositions and the pronouns некого and нечего are spelt as separate words the preposition is placed between the particle не and the pronoun (кого or чего).

 

Ему не с кем посоветоваться.          

There is nobody for him to turn to for advice.

 

The pronouns некого and нечего are used in impersonal sentences which express the impossibility of an action owing to the absence of the performer or object of action.

 

Некого послать за  лекарством means

There is nobody to send for the medicine. (there is no performer of the action).

 

Ему нечего читать means

There is nothing for him to read (there is no object of the action).

 

The predicate of impersonal sentences with the pronouns некого and нечего is the infinitive of a verb:

Нечего читать.

There is nothing to read.

 

Некому рассказать это.

There is nobody to tell this.

 

Не с кем поговорить.

There is no one to talk with.

 

The noun or pronoun denoting the performer of the action takes the dative.

Нине нечего читать

There is nothing for Nina to read.

        

Ему не с кем посоветоваться.

There is nobody for him to turn to for advice.

 

Некому пойти за лекарством.

There is nobody to go for the medicine.

 

Declension

Nominative case (Not applicable)                    

Genitive case.              

 

некого / нечего

Ему некого ждать!

He has nobody to wait for!

 

Ему нечего ждать!

He has nothing to wait for!

 

Dative case.                 

некому / нечему

 

Ему некому помогать!

He has nobody to help!

 

Ему нечему обрадоваться!

He has nothing to rejoice!

 

Accusative case.                      

некого / нечего

 

Некого послать за лекарством.

There is nobody to send for the medicine.

 

Ему нечего читать.

There is nothing for him to read.

 

Instrumental case.        

некем  /  нечем

 

Ему не с кем посоветоваться.          

There is nobody for him to turn to for advice.

 

Он нечем интересуется.

He is not interested in anything.

 

Prepositional case.       

не о ком / не о чем

 

Ей не о  ком думать. 

There is nobody for her to think about.

 

Ей не о чем говорить.          

There is nothing for her to speak about.